Revisión el exposoma, entendiendo el envejecimiento cutáneo

Dra. Andrea Aguilar Argüello
Médico Cirujano General. Colorado,Estados Unidos.
Consulta privada, trabajador independiente.
Miembro del Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos de Costa Rica.
Costa Rica.

Resumen

En la actualidad, el concepto de “envejecimiento normal” ha caído en desuso surgiendo así el “envejecimiento óptimo”. Debido a la necesidad crítica de una evaluación más completa de la exposición ambiental en los estudios epidemiológicos, aparece el exposoma, influenciado por los efectos acumulativos y sinérgicos del total de exposiciones a las que una persona se enfrenta desde su concepción hasta su muerte. Comprende factores intrínsecos y extrínsecos, así como la respuesta corporal inducida ante estos factores.

Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de la literatura existente utilizando PubMed. La búsqueda se restringió a los descriptores skin aging y exposome y al periodo 2014-2019; se localizaron 17 338 ítems, a partir de los cuales se incluyeron publicaciones relacionadas con elementos clave del exposoma que influyen en el envejecimiento de la piel y se excluyeron aquellas investigaciones donde el exposoma estuviese vinculado a patologías distintas al envejecimiento cutáneo.

Palabras claves

Envejecimiento, envejecimiento cutáneo, exposoma, manifestaciones cutáneas, estrés oxidativo, polución de aire, inflamación.

Abstract

At present, the concept of "normal aging" has fallen into disuse, resulting in "optimal aging." Due to the critical need for a more complete assessment of environmental exposure in epidemiological studies, the exposure appears, influenced by the cumulative and synergistic effects of the total number of exposures that a person faces from conception until death. It includes intrinsic and extrinsic factors, as well as the induced body response to these factors. Given its dynamic nature: exposure - time, it presents a huge challenge for its characterization.

A review of the existing literature was performed using PubMed. The search was restricted to the descriptors ¨skin aging¨, ¨exposome¨, during the period of time covered by 2014-2019, is found in 17338 articles, applied as inclusion criteria, publications incorporating key elements of exposure that influence the aging of the skin and excluding those that were not relevant for the purpose of this review, in which the role of the exposure was affected by pathologies other than skin aging.

Keywords

Aging, skin aging, exposome, skin manifestations, oxidative stress, air pollution, inflammation.

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