Importancia de la nutrición infantil para prevenir las enfermedades crónicas no comunicables

Dr. Jorge Martínez Vásquez
Médico y cirujano.
Licenciatura en Medicina y Cirugía, Universidad de Costa Rica.
Especialista en Pediatría.
Maestría en Nutrición Pediátrica. Universidad de Costa Rica. Miembro del Colegio de Médicos y Cirujanos de Costa Rica.
Miembro de la Asociación de Médicos del Hospital Clínica Bíblica.
Coordinador del Servicio de Pediatría, Hospital Clínica Bíblica. San José, Costa Rica.

Resumen

El estado nutricional del ser humano tiene un papel fundamental en la salud. Desde antes del embarazo, la nutrición de la mujer impactará la salud futura de la progenie. De ahí la importancia de cuidar todos los aspectos de la alimentación para evitar mala nutrición y así prevenir enfermedades crónicas no trasmisibles. La salud de la madre previa a la concepción determinará el peso y la edad gestacional del niño al nacer y esto incidirá en el desarrollo futuro de la hipertensión, la diabetes y las enfermedades cardiovasculares.

Palabras claves

Nutrición, micronutrientes, epigenética.

Abstract

The nutritional status of the human being has a fundamental role in health. From before pregnancy, the nutrition of the woman will impact the future health of the progeny. Hence the importance of taking care of all aspects of diet to avoid poor nutrition and thus prevent chronic non-communicable diseases. The health of the mother prior to conception will determine the weight and gestational age of the child at birth. That will influence the future development of hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases in the child.

Keywords

Nutrition, micronutrients, epigenetics.

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